Geopolitics
Study of geography's effects on politics
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We include updates on Henry Kissinger, Great Wall of China, Middle East, Augusto Pinochet, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Hadrian's Wall, John Mearsheimer, Manifest destiny, Mainland China, Aleksandr Dugin, Endonym and exonym, Carl Schmitt, Hoteps, Peter Zeihan, East Turkestan, Thucydides Trap ... and more.
| 2023 |
Great Wall of China
A section of the wall in Shanxi province was severely damaged by construction workers who widened an existing gap to create a shortcut for an excavator, causing 'irreversible damage' according to local police.
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| 2023 |
Deterrence theory
A research study finds that while nuclear-armed states are less likely to be targeted by non-nuclear states, they are not necessarily less likely to engage in low-level conflicts with other nuclear states.
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| 2023 | Published 'How States Think: The Rationality of Foreign Policy' through Yale University Press, exploring state decision-making processes. |
| 2023 | Mearsheimer spoke to the New Statesman about his intellectual reception in China, noting that he feels more intellectually at home in Beijing when discussing foreign policy. |
| 2023 | Delivered a keynote speech at the Korea Global Forum in Seoul, arguing that North Korea's nuclear weapons can be seen as a 'force of stability' despite not being an ideal situation. |
| 2023 | Kissinger received the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art from Minister-President of Bavaria Markus Söder. |
| 2023 | In response to celebrations of the 2023 attack by some Arabs in Germany, Kissinger issued a statement denouncing Muslim immigration into Germany, claiming it was a grave mistake to allow in so many individuals of entirely different culture and religion, which he argued creates a pressure group within each country. |
| 2023 | Kissinger co-authored an article titled 'The Path to AI Arms Control' with Graham Allison, published in Foreign Affairs. |
| 2023 | In a statement made a month before his death, Henry Kissinger responded to the Hamas-led attack on Israel during the outbreak of the Israel–Hamas war, stating that the goals of Hamas could only serve to mobilize the Arab world against Israel and derail peaceful negotiations. |
| November 29 2023 | Henry Kissinger passed away. |
| September 2023 | Kissinger met with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in New York City, where they discussed Kissinger's evolving stance on Ukraine's aspirations for NATO membership. |
| July 2023 | Kissinger traveled to Beijing to meet with Chinese Defense Minister Li Shangfu, emphasizing the need to eliminate misunderstandings and coexist peacefully. He later met with Xi Jinping to discuss improving Sino-American relations. |
| May 29 2023 | Henry Kissinger is referenced in The Nation magazine as being 100 years old, with an article discussing his controversial legacy and the suffering caused during his years in public office. |
| May 27 2023 | Henry Kissinger celebrated his 100th birthday on May 27, 2023. |
| January 18 2023 | Kissinger was interviewed at the World Economic Forum, where he emphasized the need for intensified U.S. support for Ukraine until either the February 24 borders were reached or recognized. He indicated that negotiations should begin following a ceasefire and highlighted his admiration for President Zelenskyy and the Ukrainian people's resilience. |
| 2022 |
Deterrence theory
Brian Blankenship and Erik Lin-Greenberg published a study challenging the effectiveness of high-resolve, low-capability deterrence signals, casting doubt on the traditional tripwire approach in international relations.
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| 2022 |
Deterrence theory
Kyungwon Suh publishes a study suggesting that nuclear superiority may not reduce the likelihood of nuclear crisis initiation between nuclear-armed states.
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| 2022 |
Deterrence theory
Elon Musk prevents Ukraine from conducting drone attacks on the Russian Black Sea fleet by withholding Starlink communications in Crimea, after receiving a nuclear threat warning from Russia's ambassador.
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| 2022 | Henry Kissinger released 'Leadership: Six Studies in World Strategy' with Penguin Books Ltd. |
| November 2022 | Mearsheimer was interviewed again by Chotiner, maintaining his position that Putin's primary goal was to control four Ukrainian provinces and ensure Ukraine remained neutral and not associated with NATO. |
| July 2022 | During a book tour for 'Leadership: Six Studies in World Strategy,' Kissinger expressed his view on PBS that negotiation for a ceasefire was necessary, stressing that Russia should not gain from the war and that Ukraine must not lose any territory it had before the conflict. |
| June 2022 | Mearsheimer delivered a speech titled 'The Causes and Consequences of the Ukraine War', arguing that there was no evidence Putin wanted to conquer Ukraine or install a puppet government. |
| May 2022 | Henry Kissinger spoke at the World Economic Forum regarding the Russian invasion of Ukraine, advocating for a diplomatic settlement that would restore the status quo ante bellum, which included ceding Crimea and parts of Donbas to Russia. He urged Ukrainians to couple their heroism with wisdom and warned that continuing the war could turn into a broader conflict with Russia. |
| March 2022 | Mearsheimer was interviewed by Isaac Chotiner of The New Yorker, where he continued to blame NATO expansion and Western influence for the Russian invasion, suggesting Ukraine should accommodate Russian interests. |
| February 2022 |
Deterrence theory
Russia begins invasion of Ukraine, demonstrating a complex scenario of nuclear deterrence where western powers are effectively deterred from direct military intervention due to nuclear threat risks.
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| February 2022 | Mearsheimer re-affirmed his belief that the West were largely to blame for Russia's invasion of Ukraine, arguing that NATO expansion and attempts to turn Ukraine into a pro-American democracy were key motivating factors. |
| 2021 | Mearsheimer published a widely debated Foreign Affairs article arguing that the US was destined to compete aggressively with China and that the policy of engagement was a 'colossal strategic mistake'. |
| 2021 | Henry Kissinger published 'The Age of AI: And Our Human Future' through Little, Brown and Company. |
| February 2021 | With the death of George Shultz, Kissinger became the last surviving member of the Nixon administration Cabinet. |
| 2020 | Received the James Madison Award from the American Political Science Association, recognizing his distinguished scholarly contributions to political science. |
| 2020 | Kissinger warned that the United States and China were entering a Second Cold War, expressing concerns about the potential for military conflict and urging leaders from both nations to adopt a less confrontational foreign policy. |
| May 2020 | Tom Switzer from the Centre for Independent Studies praised Mearsheimer's intellectual vindication regarding Sino-American security competition during the coronavirus crisis. |
| April 3 2020 | Henry Kissinger shared his diagnostic view on the COVID-19 pandemic, stating that it threatens the 'liberal world order' and emphasizing the need for greater international cooperation over national efforts. |
| 2019 |
Great Wall of China
A daily visitor limit of 65,000 was instated for the Badaling Great Wall section to manage tourism.
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| 2019 |
Deterrence theory
By this year, the 2015 Ukraine power grid hack remained the only publicly confirmed instance of a cyber attack successfully causing a power grid disruption.
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| 2019 | Wrote an article arguing that the US-led liberal international order was destined to collapse from its inception, predicting its replacement by three distinct 'realist orders'. |
| 2019 | John Mearsheimer expressed support for Bernie Sanders as his preferred candidate in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries and identified economic inequality as the greatest problem facing the United States. |
| 2019 | Henry Kissinger wrote about the implications of using artificial intelligence (AI) in controlling nuclear weapons, emphasizing that it would eliminate the human factor in decision-making and potentially give an advantage to the state with the most effective AI system. |
| 2018 |
Great Wall of China
The Badaling Great Wall section saw nearly 10 million visitors.
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| 2018 | Gave an interview to Financial Times, reiterating his belief about China's desire to restore its historic role as the Middle Kingdom. |
| 2018 | Published 'The Great Delusion: Liberal Dreams and International Realities' through Yale University Press, presenting a critique of 'liberal hegemony' and arguing that nationalism is a more enduring geopolitical value. |
| 2018 | Kissinger became the Honorary Chair of the advisory board for the Bloomberg New Economy Forum. |
| 2017 | Concluded service on the board of Theranos. |
| 2017 | Ended his service on the board of Theranos. |
| August 2017 | Kissinger wrote that if the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps of Iran and its Shiite allies filled the territorial vacuum left by a defeated Islamic State, it could lead to the emergence of an Iranian radical empire. |
| August 2017 | In an interview, Kissinger expressed hope for President Trump's evolution, comparing it to St. Augustine's transformation. |
| May 2017 | Kissinger met with President Trump at the White House. |
| 2016 | During the Democratic Party presidential primaries, Hillary Clinton referred to Henry Kissinger as a 'friend' and praised his support for her record as Secretary of State, while opposing candidate Bernie Sanders criticized Kissinger and distanced himself from him. |
| 2016 | Henry Kissinger stated that the biggest challenge facing the Middle East is the potential domination of the region by an Iran that is both imperial and jihadist. |
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