Aggression
Social interaction aiming at inflicting harm or unpleasantness
Follow Aggression on Notably News to receive short updates to your email — rarely!
We include updates on Bullying, Oppositional defiant disorder, Fight-or-flight response, Passive-aggressive behavior, Psychological warfare, Fighting in ice hockey, Stalking, Baker–Miller pink, Hate crime, Death threat, Mobbing, Scapegoating, Tantrum, Monoamine oxidase A, Character assassination, Hatred ... and more.
| February 2025 | Australia passed comprehensive and extensive federal legislation addressing hate crimes, marking a significant legal development in addressing prejudice-motivated offenses at the national level. |
| December 31 2024 | Ireland implemented comprehensive legislation on hate crimes, bringing new legal provisions into effect. |
| April 1 2024 | The Hate Crime and Public Order (Scotland) Act 2021 comes into force, despite criticism from the Association of Scottish Police Superintendents. |
| March 2024 | Scottish Conservatives MSP Murdo Fraser threatened Police Scotland with legal action after his criticism of the Scottish Government's transgender policy was logged as a 'hate incident'. |
| 2023 | Antisemitic hate crimes reached an all-time high of 1,832 incidents, a 63% increase from previous years. |
| 2023 | Slovenia introduced a penalty-enhancement provision in its Penal Code to address hate crimes, allowing for increased penalties when a criminal offense is motivated by prejudice against a victim's personal characteristics such as national, racial, religious, ethnic origin, sex, color, descent, property, education, social status, political opinion, disability, or sexual orientation. |
| 2023 | Antisemitic hate crimes increased by 63%, reaching an all-time high of 1,832 incidents in the United States. |
| 2023 | The Criminal Justice (Incitement to Violence or Hatred and Hate Offences) Bill (Hate Crime Bill) was reported likely to become law, with debates around its potential criminalization of hate speech and possession of hateful materials. |
| 2023 | Bulgaria expands criminal law to explicitly prohibit crimes motivated by racism, xenophobia, and sexual orientation. |
| 2022 | Gardaí data showed a 29% increase in hate crimes and hate-related incidents, rising from 448 in 2021 to 582 in 2022. |
| 2021 | The Hate Crime and Public Order (Scotland) Act 2021 was passed. |
| 2021 | Newsnight and The Law Society Gazette investigation revealed that hate crimes against police officers were more likely to result in successful prosecutions. |
| 2021 | Gardaí recorded 448 hate crimes and hate-related incidents. |
| September 2020 | Law Commission proposed adding sex or gender to the list of protected characteristics for hate crime legislation. |
| August 2020 | Alejandro Gertz Manero, Attorney General of Mexico, recommended that all murders involving women be investigated as femicides, highlighting the systemic issue of violence against women in Mexico. |
| June 2020 | Hate crimes against the black trans community began to increase following the death of George Floyd and subsequent Black Lives Matter protests. |
| June 2020 | Georgia adopts hate-crimes legislation after 16 years of debate, following the killing of Ahmaud Arbery in May 2020. |
| May 2020 | Killing of Ahmaud Arbery reinvigorated efforts to adopt a hate-crimes law in Georgia. |
| May 2020 | End of documented period showing 209 murders of LGBTQ individuals in Mexico, underscoring significant violence against the LGBTQ community. |
| May 2020 | The Polish-based 'NEVER AGAIN' Association published 'The Virus of Hate: The Brown Book of Epidemic', documenting racist and xenophobic acts related to the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| 2019 |
Character assassination
CARP hosted its second international conference 'Character Assassination and Populism: Challenges and Responses', attracting scholars from twenty countries and featuring input from crisis management, journalism, and public relations practitioners.
|
| 2019 |
Character assassination
CARP Lab published its first handbook, the 'Routledge Handbook of Character Assassination and Reputation Management'.
|
| 2019 | A UN rapporteur called on Irish representatives to introduce new hate crime legislation during a meeting at the UN in Geneva, highlighting low prosecution rates and lack of training for racially-motivated crimes. |
| 2019 | The start of a significant increase in hate crimes in Canada, with Statistics Canada reporting a 72% rise in hate crimes by 2021, primarily based on race, religion, and sexual orientation during the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| June 2019 | NO HATE Act reintroduced to fund state hate-crime hotlines and support reporting and training programs. |
| May 14 2019 | The Spanish Attorney General distributed a circular providing new interpretation of hate crime law, notably including nazis as a potentially protected collective under the legal provisions. |
| 2017 |
Character assassination
CARP hosted its first international conference titled 'Character Assassination in Theory and Practice', welcoming numerous U.S. and international researchers and academics studying different aspects of character assassination.
|
| 2017 | NO HATE Act first introduced to improve hate crime reporting and support for victims. |
| 2017 | Hate crimes against transgender individuals increased shortly after President Donald Trump took office. |
| August 21 2017 | Crown Prosecution Service issued guidance stating that online hate crimes should be treated as seriously as offences committed in person. |
| 2016 |
Character assassination
Research Lab for Character Assassination and Reputation Politics (CARP) was founded in cooperation with the ISSCA, involving scholars from George Mason University, University of Baltimore, and University of Amsterdam.
|
| 2015 | International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences published a comprehensive analysis of sex differences in aggression, highlighting that males engage in more physical and verbal aggression across age groups, while females tend to use more indirect aggression methods like rumor spreading. |
| 2014 | Beginning of a period documenting murders of LGBTQ individuals in Mexico, with 209 such murders registered by May 2020, primarily in the states of Veracruz, Chihuahua, and Michoacán. |
| 2014 | Marian Duggan published a book discussing the severe psychological and societal impacts of hate crimes, arguing that attacks on core identity cause significant emotional and physiological harm. |
| 2014 |
Monoamine oxidase A
A large meta-analysis was conducted examining the 3R allele's effect on aggression and antisocial behavior, concluding the effect was small and nonsignificant.
|
| 2013 | Crime Survey for England and Wales reported an average of 278,000 hate crimes per year, with only 40 percent being reported. |
| 2013 | Greater Manchester Police began recording attacks on goths, punks, and other alternative culture groups as hate crimes. |
| December 4 2013 | Essex Police launched the 'Stop the Hate' initiative with a conference in Chelmsford, bringing together 220 delegates to encourage reporting of hate crimes based on various characteristics. |
| January 1 2013 | Croatia introduced a new Penal Code that expanded the legal recognition of hate crimes, specifically defining offenses based on race, skin color, religion, national or ethnic background, sexual orientation, and gender identity. |
| 2012 | Chile enacted an Anti-discrimination law that amended the Criminal Code, introducing a new aggravating circumstance for criminal responsibility. The amendment specified additional motivational factors for hate crimes, including ideology, political opinion, religion, beliefs, nationality, race, ethnic group, social group, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, affiliation, personal appearance, and disability status. |
| January 2012 | Gary Dobson and David Norris were found guilty of Stephen Lawrence's murder and sentenced to life imprisonment, nearly 20 years after the original incident. |
| 2011 | The American Academy of Pediatrics issued guidelines for preventing aggressive behavior in children, emphasizing the importance of stable home environments, consistent discipline, and positive role modeling during toddler and preschool years. |
| December 8 2011 | Estonia amends the Criminal Code section 151, further refining legal protections against hate crimes and public incitement of hatred. |
| 2010 | Catherine Taylor at Tulane University conducted research on the relationship between physical punishment and aggression, finding significant correlations in children's behavioral patterns. |
| 2010 |
Monoamine oxidase A
A study was conducted investigating the epigenetic methylation of MAOA gene expression, finding significant differences in methylation patterns between men and women, with very low and less variable methylation in men and higher heritability in male subjects.
|
This contents of the box above is based on material from the Wikipedia articles Hate crime, Aggression, Monoamine oxidase A & Character assassination, which are released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.